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News
Acupuncture proves fertile ground for
a healthy conception
Can acupuncture really increase a woman's chances of conceiving? Research has found that acupuncture treatment can have a positive effect on those trying for a baby and can actually aid the conception process. Over the past twenty years, fertility problems have increased dramatically. At least 25* percent of couples in the UK planning a baby will have trouble conceiving, and more and more couples are turning to fertility treatments to help them start a family. Fertility focused acupuncture treatment can help to increase blood flow to the reproductive organs, balance hormone levels, regulate the menstrual cycle and help improve the lining of the uterus and quality of eggs released. Additionally, conditions such as polycystic ovaries and endometriosis have also been shown to improve with acupuncture Men today also face fertility problems. Benefits to male fertility have been helped by acupuncture with positive effects on sperm count, morphology and mobility. Some of the positive effects
of acupuncture in fertility treatment are thought to include: It is known that stress has an adverse effect on the fertility hormones. Acupuncture can be used to strengthen the constitution, thus enabling couples to cope with any stress and anxieties they may experience during the process of trying to start a family. The acupuncture treatment can help promote a calm, positive, relaxed frame of mind which can bring a more successful outcome for conception. Gerad Kite, acupuncturist and British Acupuncture Council member explains how it can help: “Unexplained infertility is becoming endemic as more and more couples decide to wait to start a family until their 30’s. Acupuncture has now been recognised as a viable treatment to help this patient group increase their chances of conception. The treatment supports the person by finding the key that will unlock the natural healing mechanism that not only brings balance to their system but can dramatically increase fertility”. Research Previous studies have proved the effectiveness of acupuncture for infertility. A recent international study published in the British Medical Journal found that acupuncture given with embryo transfer can improve rates of pregnancy by 65% in women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF). A 2004 study conducted by the Reproductive Medicine and Fertility Center in Colorado found that 51% of women who underwent both IVF and acupuncture treatment at the same time became pregnant, while only 36% of those who only underwent IVF did. The latter group also had higher rates of miscarriage and stillbirth (20%) compared to those women who had received acupuncture (8%). A 2005 study conducted by Shanghai University in China found that acupuncture also helped treat male infertility. Of the men who participated, those who had acupuncture had an increased percentage of sperm in their semen; their sperm structure and morphology was also healthier than their counterparts who did not undergo acupuncture infertility treatment. A report published in the journal Fertility and Sterility (2002) found the pregnancy rate in the group receiving acupuncture group was 42.5%, compared to the group which did not receive the therapy, where the rate was 26.3%. To find your nearest qualified British Acupuncture Council practitioner please visit www.acupuncture.org.uk or call 020 8735 0400
Maybe
Baby or Highly Unlikely?
New research1 conducted by Clearblue suggests that more than one in five (23%) Britons may have actively changed their own plans to start a family because they have been influenced by high profile celebrities’ struggles to conceive. According to the survey, 82% of people feel that the endeavours of celebrities such as Kylie Minogue, Courtney Cox and Nicole Kidman to have children have highlighted the reduced chances older women may face of becoming pregnant naturally. Kylie’s widely publicised desire to start a family has resonated with almost half of those surveyed (46%) and over a third (38%) has reconsidered their own fertility timeline as a result. Comparatively, only 34% of people are influenced by friends and family who have struggled to conceive. Consequently, 92% of people questioned felt that age 30 and under is the perfect age to have children. Almost a quarter (24%) felt that 25 years old was the ideal age to start a family. Over half (51%) worry they may have left it too late for a trouble-free conception. Older celebrities’ openness about their fertility problems has led many people (65%) to feel that young celebrity mums, such as Charlotte Church and Katie Price, are increasingly influencing younger generations to have children earlier. The most popular ‘young mum’ role model is Myleene Klass who became pregnant with her first child at the age of 28. Adam
versus Eve Proactive
Procreation Renowned psychologist,
Dr Sandra Wheatley, comments: “Nowadays we are exposed to
celebrities personal woes more than we are involved in our own family’s
difficulties. Celebrities are perceived to be very much in control of
their lives and they have the added factor of being attractive. This
combination of intimate knowledge, regular contact, perceived control
and high attractiveness makes them a potentially powerful influence
when we are decision making. The message that having a baby is a diminishing
opportunity for all women as every day passes is a powerful one and
one it would be beneficial not to dismiss.”
I’M A BIG KID NOW! Big Kid by Day, Big Kid by Night
Although often a challenge, potty training is a key milestone to becoming a ‘big kid’ and nothing beats the sense of achievement that you and your toddler feel when you master this new turning point. Luckily HUGGIES® Pull-Ups® pants are at hand to make the potty training process easier. Your little one can pull them up and down like normal underwear to help them feel like a big kid. They are absorbent enough to protect against little accidents whilst your child is learning to potty train and have interactive learning designs that fade when wet, so you can engage with your big kid and learn together. However, most mums put their little ones back into nappies at night-time for extra absorbency. This can be confusing for a child who has taken pride in his mum congratulating him on successfully using the potty and can lead to him taking a few steps backwards. If only there was a potty training pant specially designed for night-time… Thanks to an exciting, new innovation from HUGGIES® you can now be more consistent in the potty training process from day to night with new HUGGIES® Pull-Ups® Night-Time Potty Training Pants. This pioneering product will help your little kid continue to feel like a big kid at night-time. They absorb as well as a nappy for a good night’s sleep but like big kid’s underwear your child can pull them up and down, maintaining the feeling of independence that he enjoys during the day. HUGGIES® Pull-Ups® Night-Time Potty Training Pants are so easy to pull up and down, your child can go to the potty like a big boy or girl before going to bed and go to sleep feeling proud that they are a big kid. HUGGIES® Pull-Ups® Night-Time Potty Training Pants come in distinctive night-time packaging and are generally designed with Disney Toy Story graphics for boys and Princesses for girls. HUGGIES® Pull-Ups® Night Time Potty Training Pants are available in two sizes: Size Medium (9-15kg, 19-34lbs) for 14 pants, £4.98 and Size large (14-18kg, 32-40lbs) for 12 pants, £4.98 For more information on
stocking HUGGIES® Pull-Ups® Night Time Potty Training Pants,
please call KC customer services on 0800 626 008.
Great British classic baby travel experts,
Silver Cross first choice for Jennifer Lopez
Jennifer Lopez appeared for the first time in USA publication People Magazine this week with her new twins and has been pictured using the Great British ‘Rolls Royce of prams’ Silver Cross to convey them both.
Jennifer Lopez has chosen baby travel experts Silver Cross to convey her twins firstly in the heritage design and traditional favourite of the Royal family, the Silver Cross Balmoral. For her first choice of pushchair, Jennifer Lopez has also picked two ultra stylish and beautiful, fast becoming modern day classics, Silver Cross Dazzle lightweight pushchairs.
The Silver Cross Dazzle
is already a favourite with the ‘A-list’ with fans including
Maggie Gyllenhaal, Brooke Shields, Julianna Margulies, Jaime Pressly
and Jessica Alba (who has picked a Dazzle for her up coming baby shower)
and of course British Silver Cross fan, Charlotte Church who was recently
pictured with the Silver Cross Balmoral also has a Silver Cross Dazzle
lined up.
FREE ‘Guide to healthy eating in pregnancy’ After the initial excitement of discovering they are pregnant, the thoughts of every mum-to-be turn to the care and welfare of their unborn child and diet plays a vital role in ensuring the health of their baby. But what can you eat? With the wealth of different nutritional information available, it can be difficult to sort the fact from the fiction – particularly when you receive conflicting information from well meaning friends and relatives.
Maggie Evans dispels some of the myths around what you can and can’t eat when pregnant with her FREE ‘Guide to healthy eating in pregnancy’: “This leaflet contains information for mothers-to-be on why a carefully balanced diet is important for their unborn baby, how much to eat and which foods to avoid during pregnancy. It highlights the top nutrients required, why they are needed and which foods they can be obtained from. It also addresses how to combat pregnancy discomforts via diet and how particular cravings can identify a lacking of certain nutrients.”
As many as 68% of pregnant women will experience cravings, such as ice cream and pickles, or even some non-food items such as dirt or coal! Some pregnant women experience irrepressible cravings for chocolate and this could mean that you may be slightly anaemic (lacking in iron). Dark chocolate in particular, can be a useful source of magnesium and iron, whereas milk chocolate actually tends to inhibit the absorption of iron.
There is also a condition called pica, where a person craves and consumes non-food substances, such as coal, dirt, laundry soap, starch, hair, and matches. The name pica, comes from the Latin word Magpie, a bird known to eat nearly anything.* There are several theories about pica – including many about it being linked to iron deficiency or to other elements missing from your diet.
During pregnancy the demand for iron is increased as the foetus and placenta need their own supply of iron which can only be obtained from the mother*. In addition to eating iron rich foods, mothers-to-be can boost their iron intake with Spatone - a unique 100% natural iron containing spa water found in the Welsh mountains of Snowdonia National Park.
Spatone has been clinically proven to have 40% bioavailability**, compared to only 5 – 20% from food and other iron supplements. Spatone comes in convenient one-a-day sachets, which should fulfil 100% of the body’s iron requirement, particularly if taken with orange juice. The body takes as much iron as it needs and the rest is quickly rejected without side effects.
The FREE ‘Guide to healthy eating in pregnancy’, in association with Spatone™, is available to download at www.spatone.com, by calling 0800 7311740 or e-mailing your name and postal address to info@spatone.com.
FIRST RESPONSE LAUNCHES FREE MIDWIFE HELPLINE
Health News: Got a Question About Pregnancy? Want To Speak To A Midwife? Log on to the FREE First Response Midwife Helpline.
Whether you’re thinking about pregnancy, actively trying or just need some professional advice, as of today you can now email your questions to a team of fully trained midwives FREE thanks to First Response.
Launched online at www.firstresponsefertility.com this new Midwife Helpline gives people the chance to email a midwife direct, as often as they like. Whether its conception concerns, diet advice, medical worries or finding out your healthcare entitlements, the free service provides confidential advice and information on all issues from conception to birth and beyond.
Parents, especially those trying for the first time, are information-hungry. NHS shortages and the increasing strain on midwives often leaves parents worried about taking up too much of their midwife’s time. This new resource aims to relieve some of the pressure on midwives by supplying accurate information and answering concerns direct.
The site will also anonymously database all questions and answers so you may find your answer before emailing a midwife. For those women trying to conceive, there is also a special section dedicated to conception which offers a plethora of useful tips and advice on baby making.
First Response says, “Our Midwife helpline offers people in the UK a fast track to the reliable information they need. Anyone can email a question directly to the helpline and in a short time will receive a personalised reply. We anticipate a great demand for this kind of personalised service and hope this new communication route helps relive NHS pressure.”
Calling all new daddies! Tomy today announces it is teaming up with leading parenting magazine, Prima Baby, to launch a nationwide search for the UK’s dishiest new daddy – a true ‘Daddy Idol’. The nursery experts are looking for a gorgeous new Dad to be the ‘face’ of their brand new, stylish Freestyle carrier range. Up for grabs is a real money-can’t-buy prize – the chance to star in the 2008 national print advertising campaign for thealready award winning Tomy Freestyle Carrier range, launched this Autumn. The new Tomy Freestyle carrier range has been designed to have strong unisex appeal and is ideally suited to active dads as it’s been endorsed by chiropractors thanks to its innovative ‘back friendly’ features and comfortable ride for babies.Joanne Gray, European Business Head for Tomy Nursery comments: ‘Brad Pitt, David Beckham, Frank Lampard, Jamie Oliver, Heath Ledger - the list of Dishy celebrity Dads is endless. But we reckon there must be plenty of real life ‘Daddy Idols’ out there too and we think it’s about time they took centre stage!' ‘We know how much new Dads love carrying their babies. It’s a great bonding time and of course a perfect opportunity for proud Dads to do a bit of natural showing off. So with a great new carrier range to advertise, it makes sense for us to feature the UK’s dishiest real life new Dad in our new campaign. Now we just need the public’s help to find him!’ Elaine Griffiths, Editor of Prima Baby magazine said: ‘Ever since the famous L’Enfant Athena poster, we’ve been convinced of the special appeal of seeing a proud Daddy with their new baby. We’re excited about finding this generation’s ultimate dishy Dad so we can re-create that swoon factor all over again!’ As well as being the new face of Tomy’s Freestyle carrier advertising campaign and featuring in Prima Baby, the chosen ‘Daddy Idol’ will win a night for two at a top London hotel, £200 spending money, travel expenses, a Freestyle Premier carrier from Tomy’s brand new carrier range and a hamper full of gorgeous Tomy baby and toddler toys. Any Daddy that has had a new baby since 7 December 2006 or who has a baby before 7 December 2007 is eligible to enter the Tomy ‘Daddy Idol’ search. Entering couldn’t be simpler. Daddies or their proud partners, parents or friends, simply need to visit www.tomy.co.uk/daddyidol or pick up a copy of the November issue of Prima Baby (on sale now), complete an entry form, send off their pictures and cross their fingers! Nine regional finalists
will be selected for the ‘Daddy Idol’ finals with the overall
winner being decided by an online public vote. Online voting will go
live on www.tomy.co.uk/daddyidol
on 25 January 2008.
SELLOUT EUROPEAN RANGE MAKES UK DEBUT IN TIME FOR WINTER MONTHS An innovative design team in the Netherlands has created a new collection of gorgeous baby products using microfibre suede and ultra soft plush shearling*. Created by Jose Kok, ex-marketer and mum, the ‘Wallaboo’ range draws its inspiration from the wallaby, creating warm, soft and nurturing products for the first months of a child’s life. Sold exclusively through Hippychick, the stunning Wallaboo range includes pram and car seat footmuffs, baby wraps and changing bags. Ultra luxurious and practical, it is super soft to the touch, ensuring the snuggest, cosiest experience for babies. And because it’s machine washable, it’s a dream for parents too! The Wallaboo range is made up of the following products: - Footmuff (available in black, chocolate, pink, lime, soft blue and red)
The large footmuff (£65.00) fits all strollers and incorporates any 3 or 5 point harness. It has two shoulder openings and one between the legs, plus a detachable top part to keep baby’s head warm, a practical pocket for baby’s favourite toys and double zippers that open on all sides for easy temperature control. A smaller newborn footmuff (£35.00) is suitable for babies up to their first year and fits perfectly in infant car seats, prams or carrycots for the snuggest, softest ride imaginable. - Baby blanket (available in
soft blue, pink, chocolate and lime) - Changing bags (small available in black, chocolate, lime, pink, soft blue and red and large in black, chocolate and lime)
The Wallaboo range can be bought directly from the Hippychick website www.hippychick.com, which also features details of good local stockists.
A Major NEW Arrival
- Nature Babycare Lightly Scented Wipes
Why
Nature Babycare Lightly Scented Wipes are a great choice!
For more information visit www.naty.se or Email info@naty.se
Swimming for Two
Leading international swimwear brand Zoggs launches Melbourne Maternity Scoopback and Melbourne Maternity Tankini, their debut into maternity swimwear. The range has been designed to offer maximum comfort and bust support, accommodating bumps up to 9 months and growing with you the whole way! The launch of the maternity swimsuit enables women to experience optimum comfort, so mums to be don’t have to squeeze bumps into a standard swimsuit. The swimsuits designs feature soft, subtle gathers and a drawstring waist on the tankini, allowing the fabric to expand so that the swimsuit grows as you do! You even buy your normal swimsuit size, rather than 4 sizes bigger, which is always good for the self confidence! Above all the Melbourne Maternity range is stylish and flattering, featuring a scoop back and pink under bust and neckline piping- just because you are expecting doesn’t mean you don’t want to look good. Swimming is a great exercise for expecting mums, offering a gentle fitness activity that helps to increase flexibility, strength and stamina – all of which can help contribute to a more comfortable pregnancy. Check out www.swim4fitness.com, a series of free online, downloadable swimming programmes developed by Zoggs. Calm and Stretch- Level 1 is great for pregnant ladies who want an easy, more relaxing, unwinding, gentle exercise. And, for when the baby is born Zoggs has a fantastic selection of water confidence buoyancy aids to get the little bundle of joy experiencing the freedom of the water. Zoggs is an international swimming market leader, offering a huge range of superior swimming products to cater for people of all ages and proficiencies. Visit www.zoggs.com to view the range of goggles, training aids, swimsuits and water confidence products. Zoggs really is a one stop swim shop!!
Post Natal Shape Up with Ultratone Although they look like butter wouldn’t melt in their mouths, most babies don’t put everything back where they found it after leaving the womb! Despite the mystical ability of celebrity mothers to ping back into shape as they leave the maternity ward, for most women it’s a long hard slog that sometimes never pays off.
Help is at hand though thanks to Ultratone’s home kits and salon treatments. A closely guarded secret of celebrity mothers such as Madonna and Gwyneth Paltrow, Ultratone is the easy way to get back into shape after childbirth. Ultratone uses biostimulation to re-educate and repair the deep pelvic floor muscles while tightening loose abdominal skin. The really good news is professors at the University College London believe that when it comes to influencing body shape, Ultratone is actually superior to traditional exercise!
Ideal for busy Mothers, Ultratone is possibly the only exercise you can do while feeding a baby! The small portable device comes in a bag, so the user simply sticks on the patches, slings the machine over their shoulder and gets on with life – whether that’s snatching a few minutes on the sofa while your baby sleeps or catching up on the ironing! Although Ultratone has a specific postnatal treatment programme, it also has several toning and body shaping treatments, including an anti-cellulite programme, a thigh and bottom workout and even a non-surgical face lift! HOW IT WORKS: Ultratone simply mimics your body’s own electrical pulses, sending safe currents through your body that rhythmically contract and relax your muscles – just as if you were moving them yourself only better as you can maintain an intense workout without suffering from fatigue or poor technique. Ultratone Futura Pro salon treatments
start at £35.00 Ultratone Home Kit machines up to £599 Stockist information: Phone 0207 935 0631
Mother to Be Following on from the huge success of the Champneys Spa Collection and Champneys Spa Skin Care, this luxurious collection of products has been specially formulated using high quality natural ingredients that provide benefits for women’s skin during pregnancy. A woman’s body goes through its most significant changes during pregnancy; mainly because of hormonal shifts in the body. Some of the more common changes experienced range from varying degrees of stretch marks to tight and itchy skin, nausea and swollen joints. Regular exercise and a healthy diet can help prevent some of these changes but also maintaining a regular skin care regime can help to improve the skin’s feel and appearance. The products have been designed to tackle many of these symptoms by using a wealth of knowledge, not only from women who have been through pregnancy, but also Champneys Premier Therapists who have worked with women's skin for years. The range pays special attention
to the scents, textures, ingredients and essential oils that will relax
and sooth the body and mind. This new range comprises of 5 products and a gift set- an essential item for the over night bag for any mother to be! A soothing bath soak, a gently cleansing bath & shower cream, a nourishing Collagen body butter, a cooling hand & foot cream gel and a calm and soothing mist spray. Champneys Mother to Be is available at Champneys Health Resorts and www.champneys.com
Help Nature
Babycare to Make A difference and
Let YOUR VOICE BE HEARD. This is why the people at Nature
Babycare have set up the Nature Babycare
Ambassador Programme. The Ambassador programme enables you to join as an Ambassador and for all parents joining this programme they will automatically be sent a £6.00 voucher. To become a Nature Babycare Ambassador you just submit your name as an Ambassador and recommend three friends. You will then be accepted as an Ambassador and your three friends will automatically receive a £3.00 money off voucher. Your friends do not have to become part of the Ambassador programme, but they will be sent a discount voucher and have the opportunity to test the Nature Baycare nappy range for themselves. Something for everyone with this superb innovative programme. The Ambassador programme does not stop there. It is a way for you to talk to other parents throughout the world. Join forces with them and talk about things you are passionate about, including your family and looking after the world for their future. We all like to become members of programmes where we have a chance to discuss vital issues close to our hearts and this programme gives you access to like minded parents world wide. Once an Ambassador you will be kept updated with Nature Babycare developments, you will be asked for your views on new product launches and some time during the year you will be selected to test new Product lines prior to launch. Nature Babycare also wants you to help them grow and improve their product range, so you will also receive monthly newsletters which will advise you about Nature Babycare’s progress, new stores they have launched product ranges within. Nature Babycare will also keep you abreast of all the latest news on statistics and information on new tests, landfill problems and other ways you too can help improve the environment. Just click onto www.naty.com and become an Ambassador today!
A quarter of all Mums-to-be wait until the last weeks of pregnancy to do their baby shopping! Twenty five per cent of mums-to-be wait until the very last weeks of their pregnancy to shop for their baby essentials. According to the shopping survey, by Wilkinet baby carriers, most pregnant ladies are incredibly prepared, with many starting to shop after the first scan. After the second scan, when many find out the sex of their baby, the real shopping begins in earnest, with nearly 40 per cent of pregnant women having done almost all their shopping by the end of their second trimester. Most, however, leave it until the final weeks to do the last bits of shopping for both themselves and baby. The Wilkinet research shows that only half of the mums surveyed bought a baby carrier before the birth – when in fact having one ready for the day your baby arrives leaves your hands free to do all the shopping you forgot to do beforehand! Gideon Wilkins, who runs Wilkinet, which is celebrating its 25th anniversary this year, says the survey shows just how prepared mums-to-be really are. He says: “Many women make sure they have everything ready months before the birth but some are incredibly laid back, or disorganised! “We
believe a good baby carrier, like
Wilkinet, lets you to get
on with your life from day one, allowing you to cuddle up close to your
newborn while you do everything you need to do”
Winnie the Pooh’s Natural Look for Babies
Disney’s first ever range of organically grown cotton baby products has Mother Nature’s seal of approval. Disney
Baby have joined with Babies R Us to
create a new eco-friendly range of organically grown cotton baby products
that have been lovingly created to be kind to your child’s skin.
Launching this spring, the Winnie the Pooh range of products is produced
from natural colour cotton which is grown in cream, brown and green
– the perfect choice for parents whose priority is protecting
their baby and the environment. The Disney Baby range has been created
with future generations in mind.
University of Nottingham researchers are targeting Europe’s biggest killer diseases — by focusing on the diet of unborn babies. Poor nutrition in the womb and in the first months of infancy can condemn an individual to a life of poor health including higher risks of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Scientists believe a baby is ‘programmed’ for a lifetime of good or poor health in its first few months by the type and amount of nutrition they receive. Experts at The University of Nottingham are now heading up part of an £11m project to pinpoint the best way of giving babies a healthy start that will benefit them for the whole of their lives. Their findings will help to shape public policy on mothers’ diet in pregnancy and lactation. The Nottingham team believes the project could have as big an impact on public health as other lifestyle interventions — such as decreasing food intake and increasing exercise — which are much more difficult to impose. Professor Michael Symonds, Head of the Academic Division of Child Health at Nottingham University Medical School, said: “What your mother eats and how you are fed as a baby can programme you for a lifetime of good health or bad health. “This obviously has important health implications worldwide, given that we are living longer, more people are getting cardiovascular disease and we need to get to grips with the mechanisms behind this.” The EU-funded project is known as EARNEST, its full title being ‘Early Nutrition Programming — Long-term follow-up of efficacy and safety trials and integrated epidemiological, genetic, animal, consumer and economic research’. The University of Nottingham team is embarking on a series of intervention studies, manipulating diet during pregnancy and lactation to establish the optimum dietary patterns for humans. Professor Symonds said: “There are two types of baby we should be particularly concerned about — both the baby that is too small and the baby that is too large. There has been a 20 per cent increase in birth weight over the last 10-15 years. “That is, in part, due to the fact that mothers are larger when they are getting pregnant and are more likely to suffer from pregnancy diabetes, that is they are unable to control their blood glucose adequately. “The result of that is the baby will actually be larger at birth… which could well be one factor that is contributing to later obesity. If you start off being too large at birth, then you are on a track to remain too large through later life. “At the same time, a baby of normal size at birth, but who is given too much formula milk, which the mother will perceive as a good thing — i.e. that the baby is growing fast — in clinical terms it may potentially be growing too fast. “That baby may be at more risk of later disease because when you grow too rapidly one of the adaptations is you lay down too much fat. Once you have too much fat in early life that can stay with you throughout your life: you may become obese earlier with all the complications that go with that.” EARNEST is a Europe-wide project bringing together scientists from 38 research institutions across 16 countries in the fields of genetics, molecular biology, epidemiology, public health and consumer behaviour. Professor Berthold Koletzko, of the University of Munich, is co-ordinating the six research initiatives that make up the EARNEST project. Professor Koletzko said: “Major differences in risk factors for significant health problems — such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, bone health, immune function, cognitive development and behaviour — have already been observed in children who experienced different diets in the first few months of life, or whose mothers were given different supplements during pregnancy. “These studies have not been running long enough to know whether the differences seen in childhood persist into adult life. If they do, the impact on the health of future generations is enormous.”
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